The INFORMAS healthy food environment policy index in Brazil: Benchmarking, current policies, and determining priorities for the future.

INTRODUCTION: Obesity and non-communicable diseases are the most important cause of death and inability in Brazil and worldwide. Public policies are an important strategy to prevent obesity. This study analysed the scope of Brazilian public policies for preventing and controlling obesity using the INFORMAS/Food-EPI protocol. METHODS: The public policies evaluation was conducted based on the INFORMAS/Food-EPI protocol. Experts from academia, civil society, and government assessed the level of implementation of food policies compared with international best practices and proposed new actions to be developed nationally. The protocol consisted of five phases: (1) A comprehensive review of the implementation of food environment-related public policies; (2) validation with experts; (3) comparison of the national actions with the international best practice and due to the level of implementation; (4) list a set of actions to improve the current policies; and (5) evaluation of the actions due to their importance and achievability. RESULTS: Brazilian actions were focused on monitoring, leadership, governance, and resources and financing domains. CONCLUSION: The results will provide elements to support and improve the national policies that aim at the promotion of a healthy food environment and obesity prevention.

Saúde coletiva nos cursos de Nutrição: análise de projetos político-pedagógicos e planos de ensino / Public Health in the undergraduate Nutrition programs: Analysis of the educational and political projects and teaching plans

Objetivo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os conteúdos dos planos de ensino das disciplinas da área de Nutrição em Saúde Coletiva, bem como os projetos político-pedagógicos de cursos de Nutrição no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, exploratório, de base documental, utilizando-se técnica do software Alceste(r) no corpus gerado pelos documentos analisados. Resultados: A partir dos 392 cursos de Nutrição existentes no Brasil em 2010, foram analisados 46 projetos político-pedagógicos e 517 planos de ensino de disciplinas em saúde coletiva. Na análise dos projetos político-pedagógicos foram consideradas três categorias: competências esperadas; ações no cuidado nutricional e operacionalização do curso, esta última correspondente a 75,5% do conteúdo. Já na análise dos planos de ensino foram classificadas as seguintes categorias: avaliação nutricional, clínica e dietoterapia no curso da vida; epidemiologia nutricional e vigilância em saúde; educação nutricional e comunicação; formação para atuação profissional; e cultura e ciências sociais. A primeira dessas categorias, correspondente a 34,2% do conteúdo, representa um dos eixos do corpus: portanto, a que compõe mais fortemente a disposição dos elementos. Essa categoria demonstrou abordar temas distantes daqueles tratados pelas demais. O outro eixo, das demais classes, estabeleceu associação menos distante no plano entre elementos, refletindo existir alguma ligação entre o que é explicitado e objetivos, conteúdos e processo de formação que correlacionam ...

Objective: To analyze the contents of the teaching plans of the disciplines in the areas of Nutrition in Public Health and political and educational plans of nutrition programs in Brazil. Methods: This is a qualitative, exploratory, document-based study that used the technique of the software Alceste(r) in the corpus generated by the analyzed documents. Results: Of the 392 nutrition programs available in 2010 in Brazil, we collected 46 political and educational plans and 517 teaching plans of disciplines in public health. The categories classified and generated for the political and educational plans were: expected competences; actions in nutritional care; and operationalization of the program. The third category corresponded to 75.5% of the content given that much of the content is related to the operationalization of the programs. The categories classified in the second analysis regarding the teaching plans were: nutritional and clinical assessment and diet therapy throughout life; nutritional epidemiology and health surveillance; nutrition education and communication; education for professional practice and culture and social sciences. The first category of this stage corresponded to 34.2% and to one of the axis of the corpus: therefore, the one that composes the disposition of the elements more strongly. This category approached themes little related to the themes treated by the other categories. The other axis of the other classes established a less distant association in the plane between elements, showing that there is some connection between what is exposed and the objectives, contents, and education process that correlate food with the social context and professional practice. Conclusion: The distance between the analyzed contents ...

Ética em pesquisa: temas globais / Research ethics: global issues

O texto aborda a ética em pesquisa desde seu debate inicial, a partir dos crimes de guerra nazistas, passando pela Resolução 196, do Conselho Federal de Medicina (CFM), pela proteção às populações vulneráveis até a controvérsia sobre pagamento e ressarcimento pela participação em uma pesquisa.